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Rose🌹
Rosa hybrida
バラ
The world's most widely beloved ornamental flowering plant. Modern roses are a group of garden cultivars developed through breeding in Europe and America since the 19th century. Cultivation in Japan began in the Edo period, and numerous cultivars now circulate domestically and internationally. An international symbol as a gift flower for Valentine's Day and anniversaries.
Identification Points
- ✓Stems bear sharp thorns (varying by cultivar)
- ✓Odd-pinnately compound leaves, usually with 5–7 leaflets
- ✓Flowers range from large to medium, with highly diverse colors and forms (single to double)
- ✓Many cultivars have a sweet fragrance
- ✓Deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub
Habitat
Gardens, parks, flower beds, and rose gardens; prefers sunny, well-drained locations
Season
May–June (spring) and October–November (autumn) peak seasons; some cultivars are repeat-flowering
Morphological TraitsAI-estimated, needs verification
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Compound
Venation
Pinnate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf shape
Ovate
Growth form
Tree
Evergreen/Deciduous
Evergreen
Petal count
5 petals
Petal fusion
Free
Habitat
Cultivated
Flower symmetry
Actinomorphic
Plant sex
Hermaphrodite
Stamen count
3-4
Phylogenetic Positionバラ科 →
Phylogenetic Position
Angiosperms > Eudicots > Core eudicots > Rosales > Rosaceae
Divergence Era
Late Cretaceous (approx. 90 million years ago onward)
Evolution Notes
The genus Rosa diverged in the Northern Hemisphere approximately 35 million years ago, with about 100–150 wild species. Modern roses are complex hybrids created from crosses among multiple wild species.
View on evolution timeline →Sources & References
AI-generated, needs verification