Araucaria family
Araucariaceae

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Araucaria family

Araucariaceae

ナンヨウスギ科

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An ancient conifer family that flourished globally during the Mesozoic. Now restricted to the Southern Hemisphere, though fossils are widely found in the Northern Hemisphere. Not native to Japan but cultivated in parks and botanical gardens.

Key Characteristics

  • Large cones and large seeds
  • Leaves ovate to needle-like, spirally or oppositely arranged on branches
  • Cones disintegrate at maturity to release seeds

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate

Leaf type

Simple

Venation

Parallel

Leaf margin

Entire

Leaf shape

Needle / Ovate

Growth form

Tree

Evergreen/Deciduous

Evergreen

Stipules

Absent

Aromatic

Aromatic

Petal fusion

No petals

Ovary position

Superior

Plant sex

Dioecious / Monoecious

Phylogenetic Position

Gymnosperms > Conifers > Pinales > Araucariaceae

Divergence Era

Late Mesozoic Triassic to Jurassic (approx. 200 million years ago onward)

Representative Genera

ナンヨウスギ属(Araucaria)アガシス属(Agathis)

Related Evolution Events

  • Flourished in the Northern Hemisphere during the Mesozoic dinosaur era; retreated to the Southern Hemisphere after the late Cretaceous
  • Wollemia nobilis, discovered in 1994, gained attention as a 'living fossil'
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Plants in Araucaria family on this site

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