Barberry family
Berberidaceae

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Barberry family

Berberidaceae

メギ科

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A family of about 14 genera and 700 species including Berberis, Nandina, Mahonia, and Epimedium. Widely distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Rich in yellow alkaloids (berberine), also used in traditional medicine.

Key Characteristics

  • Petals and sepals trimerous (3–6 each)
  • Stamens exhibit touch-sensitive movement, snapping inward to deposit pollen on visiting insects
  • Contain yellow alkaloids such as berberine
  • Some species bear spiny leaves (e.g., Berberis)
  • Fruits are berries or capsules

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate / Whorled

Leaf type

Simple / Compound

Venation

Pinnate

Leaf margin

Dentate / Entire

Growth form

Shrub / Herb

Evergreen/Deciduous

Evergreen / Deciduous

Compound type

Ternate / Pinnate

Leaf dissection

Dissected / Undivided

Stipules

Present / Absent

Flower symmetry

Actinomorphic

Petal count

Many

Petal fusion

Free

Ovary position

Superior

Stamen count

3-4

Plant sex

Hermaphrodite

Phylogenetic Position

Angiosperms > Basal eudicots > Ranunculales > Berberidaceae

Divergence Era

Late Cretaceous to Paleogene (approx. 70 million years ago)

Representative Genera

メギ属(Berberis)ナンテン属(Nandina)イカリソウ属(Epimedium)ヒイラギナンテン属(Mahonia)

Related Evolution Events

  • Evolution of the stamen 'spring' mechanism for pollen deposition
  • Establishment of the berberine biosynthesis pathway (antimicrobial and herbivore deterrent)
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Plants in Barberry family on this site

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