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Bromeliad family🍍
Bromeliaceae Juss.
パイナップル科
A monocot family distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical Central and South America. Approximately 75 genera and 3,700 species are known, including pineapple (Ananas comosus) and numerous epiphytes (such as Tillandsia). In Japan, they are cultivated as ornamental plants, with some species having escaped into the wild.
Key Characteristics
- ●Leaves arranged in rosettes, mostly coriaceous with spiny margins
- ●Many are 'tank-type,' with leaf bases forming cups that hold water
- ●Flowers trimerous, with bracts often brightly colored
- ●Diverse life forms: epiphytic, terrestrial, and epilithic
Morphological Traits
A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf type
Simple
Venation
Parallel
Leaf margin
Serrate / Entire
Growth form
Tree / Herb
Evergreen/Deciduous
Deciduous
Leaf dissection
Undivided
Stipules
Absent
Flower symmetry
Actinomorphic
Petal count
6 petals
Ovary position
Superior / Inferior / Half-inferior
Stamen count
3-4
Plant sex
Hermaphrodite
Phylogenetic Position
Angiosperms > Monocots > Commelinids > Poales > Bromeliaceae
Divergence Era
Paleogene (ca. 65–50 million years ago)
Representative Genera
Related Evolution Events
- ・Dispersal from South American origin to Central America and the Caribbean
- ・Acquisition of CAM photosynthesis (independently evolved in epiphytic bromeliads)
- ・Evolution of tank-type bromeliads (rainwater and organic matter storage)
- ・Co-evolution of pollination with hummingbirds and insects
Plants in Bromeliad family on this site
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