Burmannia family
Burmanniaceae

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Burmannia family

Burmanniaceae

ヒナノシャクジョウ科

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A family containing many small mycoheterotrophic plants growing on tropical to subtropical forest floors. Burmannia championii occurs in Japan. Many species have lost photosynthetic ability and produce small white to pale purple flowers.

Key Characteristics

  • Many species are achlorophyllous mycoheterotrophic plants
  • Perianth tubular, often with winged ridges
  • Fruit a capsule with extremely minute seeds
  • Grows on humus-rich soil of tropical forest floors

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate

Leaf type

Simple

Venation

Parallel

Leaf margin

Entire

Growth form

Herb

Evergreen/Deciduous

Deciduous

Leaf dissection

Undivided

Flower symmetry

Actinomorphic

Petal count

3 petals / 6 petals

Ovary position

Half-inferior

Plant sex

Hermaphrodite / Monoecious

Phylogenetic Position

Angiosperms > Monocots > Dioscoreales > Burmanniaceae

Divergence Era

Late Cretaceous to Paleogene

Representative Genera

ヒナノシャクジョウ属(Burmannia)ヒナノハイゴロモ属(Gymnosiphon)

Related Evolution Events

  • Independent evolution of mycoheterotrophy within Dioscoreales
  • Establishment of mycorrhizal-dependent dispersal strategy through extreme seed miniaturization
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Plants in Burmannia family on this site

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