Olive family
Oleaceae

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Olive family

Oleaceae

モクセイ科

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A family including olive, fragrant olive (Osmanthus), lilac, ash, and privet. About 25 genera and 600 species are known, distributed in temperate to tropical regions. Many species have fragrant flowers and are widely used as garden trees and perfumery plants.

Key Characteristics

  • Flowers 4-merous with petals often fused at the base
  • Stamens reduced to 2 (exceptionally few among dicots)
  • Leaves opposite, simple or pinnately compound
  • Fruits diverse: drupes, samaras, or berries
  • Many species with aromatic compounds

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate / Opposite

Leaf type

Simple / Compound

Venation

Pinnate / Palmate

Leaf margin

Serrate / Dentate / Entire

Growth form

Shrub / Tree / Vine

Evergreen/Deciduous

Evergreen / Deciduous

Compound type

Ternate / Pinnate

Leaf dissection

Dissected / Undivided

Stipules

Absent

Flower symmetry

Actinomorphic

Petal count

Many

Petal fusion

Free / Fused

Ovary position

Superior

Stamen count

3-4

Plant sex

Hermaphrodite / Monoecious

Phylogenetic Position

Angiosperms > Eudicots > Core eudicots > Lamiales > Oleaceae

Divergence Era

Late Cretaceous to Paleogene (ca. 70–60 Ma)

Representative Genera

オリーブ属(Olea)モクセイ属(Osmanthus)トネリコ属(Fraxinus)ライラック属(Syringa)イボタノキ属(Ligustrum)

Related Evolution Events

  • Advanced reduction to 2 stamens (optimization of pollination efficiency)
  • Maintenance of both wind and insect pollination strategies within the lineage
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Plants in Olive family on this site

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