Poppy family
Papaveraceae

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Poppy family

Papaveraceae

ケシ科

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A family of about 44 genera and 800 species including poppies (Papaver), Chelidonium, and Corydalis. Many produce latex (white to yellow sap containing alkaloids). Placed in Ranunculales under APG IV; Papaver, Corydalis, and others occur in Japan.

Key Characteristics

  • Many exude latex when cut
  • Petals 4–6, easily crumpled
  • Stamens numerous
  • Fruits are capsules containing numerous seeds
  • Some species contain alkaloids such as morphine and codeine

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate / Whorled

Leaf type

Simple / Compound

Venation

Pinnate / Palmate

Leaf margin

Entire

Growth form

Shrub / Tree / Herb

Evergreen/Deciduous

Deciduous

Leaf dissection

Dissected / Undivided

Stipules

Absent

Latex

Present / Absent

Flower symmetry

Actinomorphic

Petal count

6 petals

Petal fusion

Free

Ovary position

Superior

Stamen count

1-2

Plant sex

Hermaphrodite

Phylogenetic Position

Angiosperms > Basal eudicots > Ranunculales > Papaveraceae

Divergence Era

Late Cretaceous to Paleogene (approx. 75 million years ago)

Representative Genera

ケシ属(Papaver)エンゴサク属(Corydalis)クサノオウ属(Chelidonium)ヤマブキソウ属(Hylomecon)

Related Evolution Events

  • Evolution of alkaloid biosynthesis pathways (morphine, berberine, etc.)
  • Divergence into Papaveroideae and Fumarioideae (with zygomorphic flower evolution)
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Plants in Poppy family on this site

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