Cactus family
Cactaceae Juss.

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Cactus family🌵

Cactaceae Juss.

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A succulent plant family native to the New World, comprising about 1,750 species. They possess specialized organs called areoles and have leaves modified into spines. Adapted to desert environments through CAM photosynthesis, storing water in succulent stems. No native species occur in Japan; widely cultivated as ornamentals.

Key Characteristics

  • Spines and hairs arise from specialized organs called areoles
  • Leaves are reduced to spines; stems perform photosynthesis
  • Stems are succulent and store water
  • CAM photosynthesis fixes CO2 at night
  • Flowers are bisexual with numerous petals and stamens

Morphological Traits

A family may include species with different trait values — multiple values indicate the range within the family.

Leaf arrangement

Alternate

Leaf type

Simple

Venation

Pinnate

Leaf margin

Entire

Growth form

Shrub / Herb

Evergreen/Deciduous

Deciduous

Leaf dissection

Undivided

Stipules

Absent

Latex

Present / Absent

Flower symmetry

Actinomorphic

Petal count

Many

Ovary position

Inferior / Superior

Plant sex

Hermaphrodite

Phylogenetic Position

Angiosperms > Eudicots > Core Eudicots > Caryophyllales > Cactaceae

Divergence Era

Paleogene (ca. 35 million years ago)

Representative Genera

ウチワサボテン属(Opuntia)サボテン属(Cereus)エキノカクタス属(Echinocactus)マミラリア属(Mammillaria)

Related Evolution Events

  • Unique evolution of areoles
  • Reduction of leaves to spines and conversion of stems into photosynthetic organs
  • Advanced CAM photosynthesis for desert adaptation
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Plants in Cactus family on this site

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